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Da’awa: Najeriya ita ce kasa ta biyu (second-highest number) da mafi yawan mutane da ke da cutar HIV.
Hukunci: Yaudara ce. Rahoton da mai da’awar ke kafa hujja da shi daga rahoton 2018 ne da Asusun UNICEF ya fitar bayan tattara bayanai a 2015, wannan baya nuna halin da Najeriya ke ciki kawo yanzu a dangane da masu cutar ta HIV. Rahoton har ila yau yayi magana ce kan nauyi ko kalubale na masu cutar ta HIV ba wai yawan adadinsu yayi magana ba kamar yadda mai da’awar ke ikirari.
Rahoto na baya-bayan nan ya nuna yadda a nahiyar Afurka Najeriya ta kasance ta uku da yawan mutane da ke dauke da cutar ta HIV wanda adadinsu ya kai miliyan daya da dubu dari bakwai ya zuwa 2023.
Cikakken Sakon
Cutar HIV na ci gaba da zama babban kalubale da ta shafi lafiyar al’umma a duniya inda kawo yanzu ake da mutane milyan (42.3 million lives so far).
Tun daga 2003, gwamnatin Amurka ta zuba jari na sama da Dala miliyan dubu (invested over $100 billion in the global HIV/AIDS response,) inda aka yi tattalin rayukan sama da mutane miliyan 25 cikin shirin gaggawa na shugaban kasa kan cutar ta HIV (PEPFAR).
A ranar Talata 28 ga watan Janairu, 2025, Donald Trump ya dakatar da kai tallafi (stopped the disbursement of funds) ta hanyar shirin na PEPFAR na akalla kwanaki 90. Wannan tsari ya shafi Najeriya da sauran kasashe masu tasowa wadanda ke amfana daga wannan shirin tallafi.
Da yake mayar da martani kan wannan ci gaba likita a Najeriya kuma mai fada a ji Chinonso Egemba, wanda aka fi sani Aproko Doctor, yayi da’awa (claimed) cewa Najeriya ce kasa ta biyu da ke da mafi yawan mutane masu cutar HIV, kuma tana dogaro sosai kan tallafi da ake bayarwa.
“…Najeriya ce kasa ta biyu da mafi yawan masu cutar HIV,” wani bangare na bayanin da ya wallafa a shafin Twitter.
Wasu masu amfani da shafin na X basu amince da wannan kiyasi ba, inda suke cewa Najeriya ba ita ce ta biyu ba da yawan mutane da ke da cutar ta HIV.
Wani mai amfani da shafin X Samuel Bika (@BikaSamuel) ya rubuta cewa,
“Jadawalin da ka nuna ya nuna kawai bazuwar cutar ne, Najeruya ce ta uku na yawan mutane da ke da cutar ta HIV ita ke bin kasashen Afurka ta Kudu da Muzambik.”
Wani mai amfani da shafin mai suna (@swagbito) ya rubuta cewa, “Najeriya ba ita ce kasa ta biyu ba da mafi yawan mutane da ke da cutar HIV. Da Allah ka dena ba da bayanan karya.”
Shi kuwa a nasa tsokaci , Mista Egemba ya yada nasa hoto ne da ya kwafo daga rahoton Asusun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya mai kula da Ilimi da Kananan Yara UNICEF.
Ga abin da wani bangare na rubutun nasa ke cewa , “Najeriya na da mutane 190,950 da ke da cutar HIV/AIDS a duk shekara, shine na biyu mafi kamuwa a duniya.”
Muhimmancin wannan magana da ma yadda ake martani ya sanya DUBAWA ba da bata lokaci ba ta gudanar da bincikenta.
Tantancewa
Duba da kalaman mai da’awar (Aproko Doctor) ya kafa hujja da inda ya samo bayanansa, da fari mun duba rahoton na (UNICEF report). Wannan rahoto ya nunar da cewa Najeriya ce ta biyu masu nauyin wahala da masu cutar ta HIV/AIDs, inda bisa kiyasi take da mutane miliyan uku da 190,950 wadanda ke zama sabbin masu kamuwa da cutar kamar yadda aka tattara bayanai a 2015.
“Najeriya ce ta biyu cikin masu nauyin wadanda ke fama da cutar HIV/AIDS, inda bisa kiyasi take da mutane miliyan uku da ke da cutar HIV (PLHIV) yayin da kuma aka samu 190,950 sabbin wadanda suka harbu da cutar a 2015,” kamar yadda wani bangare na rahoton ya nunar.
Hoto daga rahoton UNICEF wanda ya nunar da nauyin da ke kan Najeriya
Mun lura cewa rahoton na UNICEF yayi magana ne kan nauyin da kasa ke dauka ba wai yace itace tafi kowace kasa yawan masu cutar HIV ba, kuma bayanan a 2015 aka tattara su. Sai muka shiga bincike ta hanyar amfani da wasu muhimman kalmomi,don neman rahoto sabo na UNICEF kan mutane da ke rayuwa da cutar HIV sai dai bamu sami daidai abun da muke nema ba, rahotannin da suke akwai daga UNICEF sun hadar da bayanai na duniya kan cutar da na yankuna da kiyasi kan yara da ke da cutar da matakan kariya kan yara balagaggu (HIV Statistics- Global and Regional Trends, HIV estimates for children dashboard, and Adolescent HIV prevention).
A cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya WHO ya zuwa 2023 akwai mutane miliyan (39.9 million people living with HIV globally), da ke rayuwa da cutar a duniya, inda ake da miliyan 38.6 wadanda balagaggu ne daga shekaru 15 zuwa sama. Daga cikin wadannan miliyan 38.6 , miliyan 20.5 mata ne yayin da ake da maza miliyan 18.1. Wannan kiyasi na WHO bai yi bayani ba kan kowace kasa wane adadi take da shi.
Shirin ba da tallafi na Development Aid ya amince da bayanan na WHO, amma ya kara yin bayani inda ya karkasa yankuna, a Afurka akwai mutane miliyan 20.8 daga Afurka ta Gabas da Kudancin Afurka wanda aka samu mutanen na rayuwa da cutar ta HIV, akwai kuma mutane 210,000 a yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya da Afurka ta Arewa wadanda ke da wannan cuta, haka kuma akwai mutane miliyan 5.1 da ke dauke da cutar ta HIV a yankin Afurka ta Yamma da Afurka ta Tsakiya.
A kwai kuma bayanai daga cibiyar leken asiri ta Amurka (Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) inda ta tattara bayanai kan baligai wadanda ke dauke da cutar ta HIV, inda a bayaninta ta sanya kasar Eswatini a matsayin ta farko sai Lesotho a matsayin ta biyu wannnan kiyasi ya zuwa shekarar 2021 kenan. CIA ta yi bayani da cewa bazuwar cutar da ta tattaro bayanai ta yi la’akari ne da bayanan mutane baligai wadanda ke da shekaru daga (15-49) wadanda ke fama da cutar ta HIV/AIDS.
Hoton jadawalin bayanan CIA da yadda take bazuwaa tsakanin mutane baligai
Bayanai kan mutane da ke fama da cutar HIV a (2023 data on people living with HIV in African countries) wanda ke zama na hadin gwiwa ne da shirin raya kasa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan cutar ta HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) ya nunar da cewa mutane da ke rayuwa da cutar ta HIV na gaba sune ‘yan kasar Afurka ta Kudu inda suke da mutane miliyan 7.7 sannan sai kasar Mozambique wadanda ke da mutane miliyan 2.4 Najeriya ce ta uku da mutane miliyan 1.7.
Hoton bayanan kididdigar na (Statista) kan mutane da ke da cutar HIV a 2023.
Hoto daga shafin UNSAIDS inda yake nuna yawan al’umma a kan taswira.
Idan aka duba za a ga akwai bayanai daban-daban kamar yadda cutar ta HIV ke bazuwa da irin nauyi da ke rataya kan kasashe na masu cutar da yadda mutane ke rayuwa da cutar, dole sai an banbance wadannan, sannan sai ayi bayani kan guda daga ciki.
A cewar hukumar da ke lura da bazuwar cuta ta CDC adadin yadda cuta ke bazuwa (prevalence rate) shine adadi na mutane da aka samu sun kamu da cutar ko sun harbu da kwayoyin cutar, ko mutane da wasu alamu na cutar ya zuwa wani lokaci.
Cibiyar da ke hada bayanai kan cutuka masu bazuwa ta yi bayani kan nauyi da ake dauka na cutuka ( burden of disease) da cewa shine irin dawainiya da asara da ake samu dalilin cutika, ko nakasa ko rasa rayuka, anan ana mayar da hankali kan dalilai ko abin da ke ta’azzara. Haka kuma ya hadar da yawan mutane da aka samu da cutar da wadanda suka rasu da wadanda suka rayu bayan cutar da wadanda suka samu nakasa da irin yadda suke kashe kudade kan cutar da hadari da ke tattare da cutar da yadda abin ya dauki hankali.
Idan ana maganar cutar HIV ba kawai yawan adadi na mutane da ke da cutar kadai bane, don haka ayi amfani da adadin bayanan nauyi da ya rataya kan wata kasa game da masu cutar a matsayin yawan jama’a da ke fama da cutar, wannan kuskure ne.
A Karshe
Bincikenmu ya gano cewa a nahiyar Afurka, Najeriya ita ce kasa ta uku da ke da mutane wadanda ke rayuwa da cutar HIV inda take da mutane miliyan 1.7 ya zuwa 2023. Bayanan da mai da’awar ya kafa hujja da su cewa Najeriya ita ce kasa ta biyu da mutane da suka fi kamuwa da cutar HIV” ya yi amfani da kiyasin kasar ne na yawan nauyi da ke kan kasar na masu wannan cuta, wanda wannan kuma ya hada abubuwa da dama ba kawai mutane da ke rayuwa da cutar ta HIV ba. Rahoton da aka fitar a 2018 ana kafa hujja da bayanan da aka tattara a 2015 ba shi ya kamata a yi amfani da shi ba in ana so a ba da bayanin halin da Najeriya ke ciki game da yawan masu cutar HIV a yanzu haka.
