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Kidney disease is a growing global concern, affecting 850 million people worldwide and causing 5 to 11 million deaths annually. This burden disproportionately impacts vulnerable populations in lower-income countries, augmenting health inequalities.
It is projected to become the 5th leading cause of death in the coming years, representing a public health challenge. However, timely testing and intervention can help reduce healthcare costs and, most importantly, save lives.
The World Kidney Day 2025 campaign aims to raise awareness about the various risk factors contributing to kidney disease while emphasising the crucial role of early detection in preventing complications.
Risk factors that contribute to kidney diseases
Several risk factors can contribute to the development of kidney disease, including diabetes, high blood pressure (hypertension), obesity, smoking, excessive use of painkillers, high salt intake, dehydration, family history of kidney disease, heart disease, chronic infections, and autoimmune disorders, among others.
Symptoms of kidney diseases
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) progresses silently, with symptoms becoming apparent only in advanced stages.
Common signs and symptoms can include fatigue and weakness, swelling (Edema) in the face or hands, and changes in urination (increased or decreased urination, especially at night).
Urine may be foamy (indicating protein) or contain blood, while pressure or discomfort may occur during urination. Shortness of breath, nausea and vomiting, and persistent itching are also symptoms.
Other signs could also include a metallic taste in the mouth, muscle cramps, poor concentration, dizziness, and high blood pressure.
It is important to note that these symptoms can also be associated with other health conditions. So, if you experience any of these signs persistently, consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and testing.
How to protect kidney health
Your kidneys are vital organs that filter waste, balance fluids, and regulate blood pressure. Protecting them is crucial to preventing kidney disease, which can lead to serious health complications.
To protect your kidney health, you can maintain a healthy diet with limited salt intake, exercise regularly, manage blood pressure and blood sugar levels, stay hydrated, quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption, get enough sleep, and monitor your weight. If you are at risk for kidney disease, you should get regular kidney function tests and consult your doctor about any concerns regarding kidney health.
Diet
Eat a balanced diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables, limit sodium intake, choose lean protein sources, and reduce saturated fat intake.
Lifestyle habits
People can incorporate lifestyle habits such as regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water, getting enough sleep, managing stress, and avoiding excessive alcohol intake.
Medical management
Medical management is a crucial aspect of protecting kidney health. This can include monitoring blood pressure and managing hypertension, controlling blood sugar levels if you have diabetes, quitting smoking, taking medications as prescribed, and getting regular kidney function tests.
Early prevention is key in protecting kidney health. Kidney disease often develops silently, with symptoms appearing only in advanced stages. This makes early prevention crucial in reducing the risk of kidney damage and avoiding life-threatening complications like kidney failure.
Conclusion
By adopting healthy lifestyle habits and monitoring risk factors, you can protect your kidneys before any significant issues arise. Detect early, and act early to protect your kidney health!
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