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Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) a baya-bayan nan (recently issued) ta fitar da gargadi cewa akwai fargaba ta barkewar cutar chikungunya da sauro ke yada ta, matsalar da ta gallabi duniya shekaru 20 da suka gabata.
A cewar WHO, akwai mutane miliyan dubu biyar da dari shida da ke zaune a kasashe 119 ciki kuwa har da (Nigeria) suna cikin hadari (risk) na kamuwa da kwayoyin cutar. Wannan cuta na bazuwa cikin gaggawa a kasashe irinsu Madagascar da Somalia da Kenya, kuma wasu rahotanni sun nunar da cewa an samu bullar cutar a yankin Asiya ciki kuwa har da Indiya.
Wace cuta ce Chikungunya?
Chikungunya cuta ce da ake samu (caused) ta dalilin kwayoyoyin cutar (CHIKV), wanda ake yada shi zuwa dan Adam ta dalilin sauro da ke dauke da cutar.
Shi sunan na chikungunya ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Kimakonde wani yare a yankin Tanzaniya ta Kudu wanda ke nufin “abin da aka tankwara” ko ya dena tafiya” wanda ke nuna alamu na yadda cutar ke mayar da mutum da ya harbu da kwayoyin cutar da za ka gani da ciwukan gabobi.
Kwayar cutar ta Chikungunya na sa wa mutum zazzabi mai zafi da ciwon gabobi wani lokacin ta samar da wata nakasa da ke daukar lokaci mai tsawo.
Yadda ake yada cutar ta Chikungunya
Wannan cuta da fari na yaduwa ne ta sanadin sauro da ake kira (Aedes) wato samfurin Aedes aegypti da Aedes albopictus. Samfurin sauron da ke yada cutar kwayoyin cutar dengue da Zika. Shi irin wannan sauro sau tari yana cizo ne da rana ya zuki jinin dan Adam a waje ne ko a cikin daki.
Wannan kwayar cuta bata bazuwa daga mutum zuwa mutum ko ta hanyar tari ko atishawa. Kwayar cutar na bukatar dan aike a tsakani da za a iya kira da suna (vector) wanda shi ke taimakawa wajen yada cutar idan sauron da baya dauke da cutar ya tsotsi jinin mai dauke da cutar yana iya sawa wanda baya dauke da cutar.
Sauro ke ninninka kwayar cutar cikin kwanaki kadan sai ya ajiye a cikin yawun bakinsa daga nan ya sanyawa wani mutumin daban.
Mutum da ya harbu da kwayoyin cutar ta chikungunya sauron da ya cije shi a satin farko zai saurin daukar cutar, don haka ake shawartar mutane su guji bari sauro na cizon su a irin wannan lokaci.
Yana da wahala macen da ke dauke da juna biyu ta yada wannan cuta ga jaririn da ke cikinta a watanni shida na goyon ciki da lokacin haihuwa sai dai ba ko da yaushe ake samun hakan ba.
Hukumar da ke yaki da bazuwar cutika CDC ta tabbatar da cewa kwayoyin cutar na bazuwa ta hanyar sanya jini daga mutum zuwa mutum idan ma’aikacin da ke wannan aiki bai kula da kyau ba lokacin da yake daukar jinin, amma wannan yana da wahala sau tari a samu hakan.
Alamu na mai dauke da cutar ta Chikungunya
Alamu na mai dauke da kwayoyin wannan cuta suna bayyana (develop) cikin kwanaki uku zuwa bakwai idan idan mutum ya samu cizon wannan sauro za a ga mutum na fama da zazzabi mai zafi da ciwon jiki, wanda ke dauke da wannan cuta ana iya ganinsa yana fama da ciwon kai da kasalar jiki da fitar kuraje da tsamin jiki da murdawar ciki.
A cewar asibitin Cleveland (explains) wasu mutanen suna jin alamu na dauke da cutar kamar mako guda sai kuma a ga sun warke wasu kuma za su samu kai a yanayi na ciwon gabobi bayan sun warke ma.
Sau tari, ba kasafai ake ganin mutum ya samu wata matsala babba ba, sai dai cibiyar kula da lafiya ta Pan American Health Organization ta yi bayani da cewa ana iya samun wanda ya harbu da kwayoyin wannan cuta sosai ya dauki lokaci mai tsawo da cutar koma ta yi sanadi na rasuwarsa, musamman a mutane tsofaffi da jarirai.
Yadda ake maganin cutar Chikungunya
Babu wani magani treatment na harbuwa da kwayoyin cutar ta CHIKV; sai dai idan alamun cutar suka bayyana ana maganin cutar ta hanyar shan magunguna da ke rage zogi da maganin rage zazzabi da hutwa da karin ruwa.
A wurare da ake samun bazuwar cutar zazzabin dengue,ana ba da shawarar (advisable) a fara kawar da zazzabin dengue kafin fara shan magunguna na rage radadi da zogi don gudun kada a samu cutar karancin jini.
Kare kai daga cutar Chikungunya
A kwai allurai guda biyu da ake amfani da su don rigakafi ko kare kai daga zazzabin Chikungunya na farko shine (IXCHIQ), approved da ya samu amincewar FDA a 2023. A Amurka ana yin allurar ga mutane da shekaru har zuwa 12 da kuma wadanda suka samu kai a wuraren da wannan cuta ta bazu.
Allurar IXCHIQ na nan da aka tanade don manyan mutane baligai a Amurka da yankunan Asia da Canada da Europe da France (Réunion, Mayotte), da Birtaniya United Kingdom da Virgin Islands.
Ta biyun ita ce VIMKUNYA. Anyi ta don kwaiwayon mimic kwayar cutar ta Chikungunya don ba da kariya daga kamuwa da cutar ana yinta ga manya.
An amince ayi amfani da ita a Amurka US da Burtaniya UK, da nahiyar Turai Europe. Duk da haka wannan allurar ba a cika samunta ba, ko ace ta bazu don amfani ba.
A wani taron manema labarai a baya-bayan nan (briefing), Dr Diana Alvarez, daga Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya WHO da ke aikin daukar matakai na kare bazuwar kwayoyin irin wadannan cutika ta bayyana wasu hanyoyi na kare kai daga kamuwa da irin wannan cuta da ya hadar da tsaka-tsakin amfani da mai da ake shafawa mai korar sauro wanda ke kunshe (contain) da DEET da IR3535 ko man (icaridin) da sanya tufafi da zai rufe hannaye da kafafu da sanya ragar sauro net a taga ko windo da kaucewa barin ruwa a wasu kwanika ko bokitai da tukunyar furanni, wurare da sauron ke iya zama ya hayayyafa.
